DIONYSUS or BACCHEUS

ZEUS' divine child
relishes the happy life
He loves Peace who sheds happiness
Peace who nurses admirable youths
And gave of the rich and poor
He hates those who do not do their best
day and wondrous night
to live happily.
(Eurip. Bacchai 416-426)

DIONYSUS, son of ZEUS and Semele, who was the daughter of Cadmus, is the God of joy. Even if his sphere of authority is both complex and ambiguous he will always be the one that with the Dithyrambous and the dramatic art contributed to create one of the most beautiful and most important achievements of ancient Hellenique civilisation and art: the Theater.

ZEUS prophesied: My son, bringer of a glorious gift, shall plant in the earth the most fragrant fruit of vintage the Allheal my son DIONYSUS Alljoy will cherish the no-sorrow grape and rival DEMETER. (Nonnos 7.85)

DIONYSUS does not wish people to drink a lot or get intoxicated; he wishes wine to relax people and create an atmosphere of friendliness. God DIONYSUS and wine help people loosen and become more affable and intimate. (Plut. Dinner of the seven wise men 156)

DIONYSUS discovered the wine and taught mankind how to cultivate the vine. Also he brought much land under cultivation. He discovered the drink made out of barley, called by some zythos. In return for all this received most high honours by people. (Diodor. Sic. 4.2)


Some men relate that in order to ward off the headaches which every man gets from drinking too much wine DIONYSUS bound around his head a band (mitra), which was the reason that he received the name Mitrophorus and it was this head-band, they say, that in later times led to the introduction of the diadem for kings. (Diodor. Sic. 4.4.4)

The name of DIONYSUS means he who gives the wine.
They joked when they named the god Didinysus because, when a lot of people drink wine they think to have their mind but they haven't. So it would be better to call them oeonous because with the wine our thoughts are filled up with faulty and deceitfully impressions. (Plato cratylus 406c)

There is a relation between the myths of the Baccheus' birth and the God Soma. In the Indian Veda Soma means the juice of the plant which served for the libations for gods. As the libation was personified and became a God, who intecedes between the Gods and the men, Soma was called Vinas which means beloved. The Aria tribe who came in Europe and especially in Greece called the juice of the grapes oino or vino. (Decharme Greek Mythol)


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